CANADIAN CONTEST RULES/PRECEDENTS
Do you need contest rules and forms for a Canadian contest/sweepstakes? I offer a selection of Canadian contest rules and forms for random draw, skill and other common types of Canadian contests (i.e., contest precedents and forms). For more information see Canadian Contest Forms/Precedents.
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As companies and marketers well know by now (or should), Canada’s new federal anti-spam legislation (CASL) will come largely into force on July 1st. The new law will of course impact electronic marketing to Canadians in many sectors and require that marketers consider how they need to comply with CASL both before and after in force.
One area, among many others, that CASL will affect is contests/sweepstakes to the extent they use e-mail or other electronic communication (e.g., e-mail entries and follow ups, contests run in connection with surveys, where later electronic marketing is intended, etc.).
CASL will be relevant when running contests and promotions in Canada, including if electronic distribution lists will be used to market the contest/promotion, the contest/promotion will include the collection of e-mails for marketing unrelated to administration of the promotion, if participants’ e-mail addresses will be shared with third parties (e.g., related entities or affiliate marketers) or participants are asked or incentivized (e.g., with bonus contest entries) to “share” the contest/promotion with friends or family. Given the potentially severe penalties for violating CASL, which include administrative penalties of up to CDN $10 million, it will be important to ensure that CASL is complied with for electronic marketing related to contests or other promotions open to Canadians. For more information about contests and CASL, see: Contests and CASL and CASL Compliance Errors. For CASL checklists and precedents that we offer for sale to comply with CASL, see: CASL Checklists and Precedents.
Some specific CASL and contest issues include the following:
E-mail entries and follow-ups: Where contests involve e-mail entries and follow ups, sponsors now need to think about whether they may follow up with entrants or whether consent is required and has been obtained in compliance with CASL (as well as the form and other requirements of CASL met). So CASL compliance in the context of contests now requires thinking about whether prior opt-ins have been obtained for marketing lists, communications may be to categories that are either exempt or a category of implied consent exists, contest entry forms include CASL consents, prescribed disclosures (i.e., ID requirements) have been made in consent requests and subsequent electronic communications, etc. Like post-CASL marketing generally, the exercise in relation to contests largely turns on thinking about who you’re marketing to and the three core CASL requirements: consent, identification and easy unsubscribes.
Contests run in conjunction with surveys: Sometimes companies run contests/sweepstakes in conjunction with surveys. You know the deal: “Answer our survey – it won’t take long – and have a chance to win …” In addition to needing contest rules and forms, like any other contest, promoters running contests in conjunction with surveys now also need to think about the consent and form requirements of CASL (and other CASL requirements).
Potential affiliate or third party marketer risk: Where CASL can also impact contests (as well as other promotions more generally) is where companies use affiliate or third party marketers. This is because CASL includes a number of vicarious liability provisions that provide, among other things that individuals/companies may be liable for violations committed by agents acting on their behalf. So what this point essentially boils down to is: do you know whether your affiliate marketer / third party agency is CASL compliant (and should you exercise some diligence to ensure that they are – e.g., CASL compliance representation, indemnification in event of a violation/enforcement, etc.).
Of course, like any marketing, every contest/sweepstakes and promotion is different which means that the CASL requirements for contests will vary.
Having said that, it is a very good idea given both the detail of the new law and potential risk (up to $1 million for individuals and $10 million for corporations) to pause and think how CASL may affect a planned contest and what may need to be done to make it CASL compliant.
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Tips For Complying With
CASL (Canadian Anti-Spam Law)
Canada’s federal anti-spam legislation (CASL) came into force in 2014. Since then, electronic marketers and their advisors have been working to comply with what remains a complex law with outstanding uncertainties in some key areas. Having said that, many of the core requirements of CASL are not overly difficult to comply with (though continue to be misunderstood in many cases).
The following are some key legal tips for complying with CASL:
Express Consent. If you cannot rely on any category of implied consent (e.g., an existing business relationship within two years of a purchase) or a CASL exemption, ensure that you have collected and documented express consent from recipients. Express consent requests must include all of the information set out in CASL and its regulations otherwise the consent will not be valid. Failure to correctly collect consent is the most common CASL compliance error we see and a key basis for CRTC enforcement. For more information, see: Anti-Spam Law (CASL), Anti-Spam Law (CASL) FAQs and Canadian Anti-Spam (CASL) Precedents.
Implied Consent. If you are relying on one or more categories of implied consent to send commercial electronic messages (CEMs) (e.g., an existing business relationship within two years of a purchase or six months of a product inquiry) ensure that all of the requirements of the particular type of implied consent are met. Remember that there is not a single blanket type of implied consent under CASL; rather, there are many different types of implied consent each with their own specific requirements. Also, as with express consent, CEMs that rely on implied consent must still include the prescribed sender identification information and unsubscribe mechanism. For more information, see: Anti-Spam Law (CASL), Anti-Spam Law (CASL) FAQs and Canadian Anti-Spam (CASL) Precedents.
Consent For Third Parties To Send CEMs. Under CASL, consent to send CEMs can be requested for a sender themselves, identified third parties (or multiple identified third parties) or unidentified third parties (i.e., entities whose identities are not yet known when consent is requested). Importantly, however, each type of consent request has specific requirements for the request and, in the case of consent requests on behalf of unidentified third parties, somewhat complex additional requirements. The failure of marketers to correctly request consent for third parties (e.g., partners, affiliates, co-sponsors in promotions, etc.) is another CASL-related error that we regularly see. For more information, see: Anti-Spam Law (CASL) FAQs and Canadian Anti-Spam (CASL) Precedents.
CASL Exemptions. Similar to implied consent, there is no single exemption from CASL but many types of exemptions. If you are relying on a particular exemption (e.g., the “business-to-business” exemption) it is important to ensure that all of the requirements of the exemption are met. Importantly, there is little or no case law interpreting many CASL exemptions. This means that there there may be more risk when relying on an exemption than express consent. Express consent is the strongest type of consent under CASL, considering that it does not expire unless a recipient unsubscribes.
Passive Consents. Remember that under CASL express consent or a category of implied consent is generally required to send CEMs unless a CASL exemption applies. As such, passive types of consents (e.g., language in general terms and conditions) will likely not be CASL compliant unless a sender does not need express consent (i.e., can rely on a category of implied consent or a CASL exemption).
Sharing Lists With Third Parties. Consider the potential risks of sharing e-mail or other electronic marketing lists with third parties. While this is certainly possible under CASL, marketers should be aware that there are specific requirements that must be met depending on who a list will be shared with (e.g., to expressly identify third parties with whom consent is being gathered on behalf of, including their contact information and other requirements for unidentified third parties). Marketers should also be aware that there is also potentially not only risk if they themselves violate CASL (e.g., send CEMs without consent), but also if they assist third parties that violate CASL. As such, it is often prudent for marketers that want to share electronic marketing lists with third parties to ensure that they have list sharing agreements in place with parties with whom they share e-mails. For more information, see: Anti-Spam Law (CASL) FAQs, Anti-Spam (CASL) Compliance Errors and Canadian Anti-Spam (CASL) Precedents. See also: Influencer, Co-Sponsor and List Sharing Agreements.
Sender Identification Information. Ensure that all CEMs include the prescribed sender identification information required by CASL unless an exemption applies. For more information, see: Anti-Spam Law (CASL) and Anti-Spam Law (CASL) FAQs.
Unsubscribe Mechanism. Ensure that all CEMs include a CASL-compliant unsubscribe mechanism. For more information, see: Anti-Spam Law (CASL) and Anti-Spam Law (CASL) FAQs.
Document Consent. Under CASL, the onus is on senders of CEMs to document consent. As such, it is important to document the type of consent (express or implied) or exemption being relied upon, evidence of consent (e.g., subscription logs, forms, dates and names/e-mail addresses), divide lists according to the type of consent or exemption being relied upon and to scrub lists after recipients have unsubscribed or the relevant time period for a category of implied consent has expired (e.g., two years after a purchase). Failure to adequately document consent is another CASL-related compliance error that we regularly see, including not documenting consent at all, not segregating distribution lists and inadequately documenting consents or types of implied consent. For more information, see: Anti-Spam Law (CASL), Anti-Spam Law (CASL) Compliance and Canadian Anti-Spam (CASL) Precedents.
CASL Compliance Program. Consider adopting a CASL compliance program, particularly if electronic marketing is a core aspect of your marketing strategy. The CRTC has issued guidance on CASL compliance programs including key recommended elements. For more information, see: Anti-Spam (CASL) Compliance and Canadian Anti-Spam (CASL) Precedents.
CASL and Contests and Other Promotions. Canada’s federal anti-spam legislation (CASL) is often relevant when running contests and promotions in Canada, including if electronic distribution lists will be used to market the contest/promotion, the contest/promotion will include the collection of e-mails for marketing unrelated to administration of the promotion, if participants’ e-mail addresses will be shared with third parties (e.g., related entities or affiliate marketers) or participants are asked or incentivized (e.g., with bonus contest entries) to “share” the contest/promotion with friends or family. Given the potentially severe penalties for violating CASL, which include administrative penalties of up to CDN $10 million, it is important to ensure that CASL is complied with for electronic marketing related to contests or other promotions open to Canadians. For more information about contests and CASL, see: Contests and CASL and CASL Compliance Errors. For CASL checklists and precedents that we offer for sale to comply with CASL, see: CASL Checklists and Precedents.
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KEY LEGAL TIPS FOR RUNNING
A PROMOTIONAL CONTEST IN CANADA
The following are some key legal tips for operating a successful and legal contest in Canada:
CRIMINAL CODE
Avoid the illegal lottery offences of the Criminal Code (e.g., include a bona fide “no purchase necessary” entry option and skill element, such as a time-limited, multiple-step mathematical question for potential winners as a condition of awarding prizes).
SHORT RULES (MINI RULES)
Include short rules / mini rules with all of the required Competition Act disclosure requirements for point-of-purchase materials (e.g., print and in-store marketing, social media and Internet sites, packaging and labeling, television and radio spots, etc.).
For more information, see: Canadian Contest Law Forms/Precedents.
LONG RULES (OFFICIAL RULES)
Ensure that precise long rules (i.e., the official contest rules) are included that reflect the details of the contest, anticipate potential contingencies (e.g., technical problems) and set out the terms of the contest as clearly as possible – for example, eligibility requirements, how to enter, prize descriptions, number and value of prizes, draws and award of prizes, odds of winning and indemnifying and releasing the contest sponsor and any co-sponsors or prize sponsors.
Contests are contracts, and so they should be as accurate, clear and precise as possible in the event issues arise.
For more information, see: Canadian Contest Law Forms/Precedents.
WINNER RELEASE FORMS
Consider using winner release forms for contest winners.
While not required by law in Canada, winner release forms are almost always used by contest sponsors to have winners confirm that they have complied with all contest rules and release the sponsor from legal liability. Signing and returning winner releases is also commonly included in contest rules as a condition of awarding a prize.
Winner release forms are particularly important for contests in which there may be higher risk (e.g., where the contest involves high value prizes or a trip prize).
For trip contests, sponsors are generally advised to use winner releases for both winners and any travel companions (and guardian releases for any minor companions).
For more information, see: Canadian Contest Law Forms/Precedents.
FALSE OR MISLEADING ADVERTISING
Ensure that advertising and marketing materials are not false or misleading (i.e., comply with the general civil and criminal misleading advertising sections of the Competition Act, under sections 74.01 and 52).
In this regard, contests in Canada must comply not only with stand-alone contest provisions of the Competition Act (under section 74.06) but also with the general misleading advertising sections of the Competition Act.
It is particularly important to ensure that the marketing materials also match the contest rules and that all material aspects of the contest (e.g., number and type of prizes, prize values, how to enter and win and any conditions/limitations) are accurately described in the short rules, long rules and marketing materials.
CANADIAN FEDERAL ANTI-SPAM LAW (CASL)
Comply with Canada’s federal anti-spam legislation (CASL).
CASL is often relevant when running contests in Canada, including if electronic distribution lists will be used to market the contest, the contest will include the collection of e-mails for marketing unrelated to administration of the contest, if entrants’ e-mail addresses will be shared with third parties (e.g., related entities or affiliate marketers) or entrants are either required or incentivized (e.g., through additional entries) to “share” the contest with friends or family.
Given the potentially severe penalties for violating CASL, which include AMPs of up to CDN $10 million, it is very important for contest sponsors to ensure that they comply with CASL for any electronic marketing related to promotional contests open to Canadians.
For more information about contests and CASL, see: Contests and CASL and CASL Compliance Errors.
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CASL Compliance Checklists and Precedents: For information about the CASL compliance checklists and precedents we offer, see: CASL Compliance Checklists and Precedents.
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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY CONSENTS
Consider whether consents are needed (and if necessary obtained) to reproduce third-party intellectual property – for example, trade-marks, logos, etc. – or to transfer ownership in contest materials – for example, where contestants create original material as part of the contest.
Contest rules in Canada commonly include rights (e.g., a licence) for the sponsor to use information and content contributed by entrants and if entrants will be contributing original content (e.g., photographs, essays, etc.) it is also a good practice for sponsors to include guidelines relating to their rights to use (or reject) any entrant contributed content.
For more information, see: Guidelines for Consumer Generated Content Contests.
U.S. LEGAL ADVICE IF OPEN IN THE U.S.
Obtain U.S. legal advice if the contest will be open to U.S. residents or limit the contest to only Canadian residents.
SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORM RULES
Comply with social media sites’ terms of use if using social media to promote or host a contest (e.g., Facebook’s Promotions Rules).
Also ensure that appropriate disclosures are made in all social media marketing (i.e., include short rules).
For more information, see: Contests and Social Media.
OTHER COMPETITION LAW
AND ADVERTISING LAW RULES
Consider whether other competition or advertising law rules may apply to a contest. For example, in addition to the stand-alone contest provision (section 74.06), the Competition Act also contains provisions governing deceptive prize notices, general misleading advertising (sections 52 and 74.01) and telemarketing that involves prizes.
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SERVICES AND CONTACT
I am a Toronto competition/antitrust lawyer and advertising/marketing lawyer who helps clients in Toronto, Canada and the US practically navigate Canada’s advertising and marketing laws and offers Canadian advertising/marketing law services in relation to print, online, new media, social media and e-mail marketing.
My Canadian advertising/marketing law services include advice in relation to: anti-spam legislation (CASL); Competition Bureau complaints; the general misleading advertising provisions of the federal Competition Act; Internet, new media and social media advertising and marketing; promotional contests (sweepstakes); and sales and promotions. I also provide advice relating to specific types of advertising issues, including performance claims, testimonials, disclaimers, drip pricing, astroturfing and native advertising.
For more information about my services, see: services
To contact me about a potential legal matter, see: contact
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